新加坡语码转换和语码混用研究 ：以行销人员为例 = A study of code-switching and code-mixing patterns of salespersons in Singapore

• Main Author: 许美珠 Koh, Bee Choo
• Other Authors: Helena Gao Hong
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2011
• Subjects: DRNTU::Humanities::Linguistics; DRNTU::Humanities::Language::Chinese
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/43649
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

新加坡是个多语社会，不同语言的长期接触和影响使新加坡人说话时常出现语码转换和语码混用现象。虽然这一现象尤为明显，但我们不知道新加坡人是否会因不同经济阶层、年龄层和教育程度而呈现不同语码转换和语码混用特征，因此这将是本文要查明的问题。鉴此，笔者到高档百货商店、一般百货商店及邻里商店进行调查，并以快速隐匿观察法、隐蔽观察法及参与观察法搜集70名行销人员的语料，之后转为文字作为本研究数据，并采用多项对比方法对数据进行分析和讨论。除了经济阶层，涉及的自变量还有年龄层和教育程度，对年龄层这一变量进行的分析是基于三组年龄群， 既20-30岁、31-50岁和51岁以上的被试群。对教育程度进行的分析是将同样的被试群按他们的教育程度分为三类：1)没受教育或小学教育、2)中学教育、3)理工学院或大学教育，在该基础上分析讨论教育程度对语码转换和语码混用的影响。Singapore is a multilingual society, as a result of contact with multiple languages and dialects, Singaporeans tend to code-switch (CS) and code-mix (CM) when they speak. Even though CS and CM are rather prominent among Singaporeans, we do not know if the types of CS and CM patterns that Singaporeans do will differ due to the different socio-economic status, age and educational level they belong to. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate if the types of CS and CM patterns vary among different Singaporeans. As such, recordings of conversations were done in high-end shops, normal shopping malls, and neighbourhood shops. Conversations of 70 salespersons were recorded using rapid and anonymous observations, covert observations and participant observations. Afterwards, the recordings were transcribed and a number of comparative methods were used for data analysis and discussions of the results. Apart from socio-economic status, age and educational level are two other variables which this paper looks into. In order to look at age differences in patterns of code-switching and code mixing, participants were divided into three groups, namely 20-30years old, 31-50 years old, and 51 years old and above. To see the effect of educational level, participants were divided into three different groups - participants who received no education or only primary school education, participants who received secondary education, and participants who received poly or university education.