论孔子“乐教”及荀子对其思想的传承与转变 = Analysis of musical education in confucius’ thought and it’s inheritance and changes in Xunzi’s thoughts

• Main Author: 陈庄伟 Chen, Zhuang Wei
• Other Authors: Ngoi Guat Peng
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2014
• Subjects: DRNTU::Humanities::Philosophy::Chinese
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/55665
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

儒家思想讨论问题繁多，有政治，教育，道德，人性等社会问题。其中，“礼乐”便是讨论这些议题时常用以阐述和理论的对象。“礼乐”的思想在孔子以前便已有阐述，但未形成一个完整的学说，而唯至孔子之时才对“礼乐”提出了一些比较深入的阐述。“礼”与“乐”形体上是两个完全不同的事物，但儒家却把二者结合而论，孔子甚至表示了礼乐并重的态度。“礼”在儒家思想中的价值体现是显而易见的，而“乐”由于本质上重于精神的体会和展现，在其价值体现上就相对比较不明显，然而许多儒家学士却仍对其保持高度的重视和关注，其原因就在于“乐教”所展现的社会价值。所以，本文研究的切入点便是在于儒家“乐教”的思想，试图从中找出“乐教”展现社会价值的因素所在。但因为此题将涉及许多古代儒家学者和学论，加上儒家思想在秦后因各种因素产生了变化，与其最初形态有所不同，所以不可能以包括性的形式去讨论问题。为避免研究时出现太多变体和思想上的分歧，本文将把中心点放在先秦春秋时期的儒家思想的时间段上，了解孔子的“乐教”思想和荀子在其思想上的传承以及转变。In general, Confucianism discuss about a broad range of social topics which mainly includes politics, education, moral, ethics and human nature. “li(礼)” and “yue(乐)” are one of the most commonly used subjects when scholars are discussing about these topics. Although there were discussion of “li”and “yue” in earlier periods, but it was only until Confucius that these two subjects were conceptualized and discussed in greater details. In a way, “Li” and “yue” are two different entities but Confucianism were able to combine the two together for discussion and the value of both, in Confucius’ point of view, are equally important. It is not difficult to identify the social value that “li” displays in Confucianism because of its visualizable properties. “Yue” on the other hand could only be felt and appreciated through the spiritual plain. Thus, the display of its social value could not be as straight forward as that of “li” but scholars still remained highly interested in “yue” despite so. And the main reason for this is in the social values that was displayed through the teaching of “yue”, which is called “yuejiao(乐教)”. Hence, this paper is going to discuss about the thoughts on “yuejiao” in Confucianism and the social values it displayed. However, due to the fact that there are multiple ideas and thoughts suggested by different scholars from different periods in the history of Confucianism. The consistency and pureness of an overview on the thoughts of “yuejiao” might be affected if the paper were to discuss about every thought and every idea. Hence, to ensure that the paper will be discussing “yuejiao” in its purest form, the paper will be concentrating the discussion on two early era scholars in Confucianism which is Confucius himself and XunZi , where the paper will be looking into the inheritance and changes in the thoughts on “yuejiao” during the transition from Confucius to XunZi.