Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs

Morphogenesis is a phenomenon by which a wide variety of functional organs are formed in biological systems. In plants, morphogenesis is primarily driven by differential growth of tissues. Much effort has been devoted to identifying the role of genetic and biomolecular pathways in regulating cell di...

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Main Authors: Huang, Changjin, Wang, Zilu, Quinn, David, Suresh, Subra, Hsia, K. Jimmy
Other Authors: School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2019
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/86106
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/49851
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-861062023-03-04T17:25:57Z Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs Huang, Changjin Wang, Zilu Quinn, David Suresh, Subra Hsia, K. Jimmy School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Growth Morphogenesis Engineering::Chemical engineering::Biochemical engineering Morphogenesis is a phenomenon by which a wide variety of functional organs are formed in biological systems. In plants, morphogenesis is primarily driven by differential growth of tissues. Much effort has been devoted to identifying the role of genetic and biomolecular pathways in regulating cell division and cell expansion and in influencing shape formation in plant organs. However, general principles dictating how differential growth controls the formation of complex 3D shapes in plant leaves and flower petals remain largely unknown. Through quantitative measurements on live plant organs and detailed finite-element simulations, we show how the morphology of a growing leaf is determined by both the maximum value and the spatial distribution of growth strain. With this understanding, we develop a broad scientific framework for a morphological phase diagram that is capable of rationalizing four configurations commonly found in plant organs: twisting, helical twisting, saddle bending, and edge waving. We demonstrate the robustness of these findings and analyses by recourse to synthetic reproduction of all four configurations using controlled polymerization of a hydrogel. Our study points to potential approaches to innovative geometrical design and actuation in such applications as building architecture, soft robotics and flexible electronics. Published version 2019-09-04T01:36:46Z 2019-12-06T16:16:10Z 2019-09-04T01:36:46Z 2019-12-06T16:16:10Z 2018 Journal Article Huang, C., Wang, Z., Quinn, D., Suresh, S., & Hsia, K. J. (2018). Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(49), 12359-12364. doi:10.1073/pnas.1811296115 0027-8424 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/86106 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/49851 10.1073/pnas.1811296115 en Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences © 2018 The Author(s). Published by PNAS. This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND). 6 p. application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic Growth
Morphogenesis
Engineering::Chemical engineering::Biochemical engineering
spellingShingle Growth
Morphogenesis
Engineering::Chemical engineering::Biochemical engineering
Huang, Changjin
Wang, Zilu
Quinn, David
Suresh, Subra
Hsia, K. Jimmy
Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs
description Morphogenesis is a phenomenon by which a wide variety of functional organs are formed in biological systems. In plants, morphogenesis is primarily driven by differential growth of tissues. Much effort has been devoted to identifying the role of genetic and biomolecular pathways in regulating cell division and cell expansion and in influencing shape formation in plant organs. However, general principles dictating how differential growth controls the formation of complex 3D shapes in plant leaves and flower petals remain largely unknown. Through quantitative measurements on live plant organs and detailed finite-element simulations, we show how the morphology of a growing leaf is determined by both the maximum value and the spatial distribution of growth strain. With this understanding, we develop a broad scientific framework for a morphological phase diagram that is capable of rationalizing four configurations commonly found in plant organs: twisting, helical twisting, saddle bending, and edge waving. We demonstrate the robustness of these findings and analyses by recourse to synthetic reproduction of all four configurations using controlled polymerization of a hydrogel. Our study points to potential approaches to innovative geometrical design and actuation in such applications as building architecture, soft robotics and flexible electronics.
author2 School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
author_facet School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
Huang, Changjin
Wang, Zilu
Quinn, David
Suresh, Subra
Hsia, K. Jimmy
format Article
author Huang, Changjin
Wang, Zilu
Quinn, David
Suresh, Subra
Hsia, K. Jimmy
author_sort Huang, Changjin
title Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs
title_short Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs
title_full Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs
title_fullStr Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs
title_full_unstemmed Differential growth and shape formation in plant organs
title_sort differential growth and shape formation in plant organs
publishDate 2019
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/86106
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/49851
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