Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro

Introduction: Irrigation dynamics and antibacterial activity determine the efficacy of root canal disinfection. Sonic or ultrasonic agitation of irrigants is expected to improve irrigation dynamics. This study examined the effects of microbubble emulsion (ME) combined with sonic or ultrasonic agitat...

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Main Authors: Halford, Andrew, Ohl, Claus-Dieter, Azarpazhooh, Amir, Basrani, Bettina, Friedman, Shimon, Kishen, Anil
Other Authors: School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2013
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/96129
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/18034
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-961292020-03-07T12:37:06Z Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro Halford, Andrew Ohl, Claus-Dieter Azarpazhooh, Amir Basrani, Bettina Friedman, Shimon Kishen, Anil School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences DRNTU::Science::Chemistry Introduction: Irrigation dynamics and antibacterial activity determine the efficacy of root canal disinfection. Sonic or ultrasonic agitation of irrigants is expected to improve irrigation dynamics. This study examined the effects of microbubble emulsion (ME) combined with sonic or ultrasonic agitation on irrigation dynamics and reduction of biofilm bacteria within root canal models. Methods: Two experiments were conducted. First, high-speed imaging was used to characterize the bubble dynamics generated in ME by sonic or ultrasonic agitation within canals of polymer tooth models. Second, 5.25% NaOCl irrigation or ME was sonically or ultrasonically agitated in canals of extracted teeth with 7-day-grown Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Dentinal shavings from canal walls were sampled at 1 mm and 3 mm from the apical terminus, and colony-forming units (CFUs) were enumerated. Mean log CFU/mL values were analyzed with analysis of variance and post hoc tests. Results: High-speed imaging demonstrated strongly oscillating and vaporizing bubbles generated within ME during ultrasonic but not sonic agitation. Compared with CFU counts in controls, NaOCl-sonic and NaOCl-ultrasonic yielded significantly lower counts (P < .05) at both measurement levels. ME-sonic yielded significantly lower counts (P = .002) at 3 mm, whereas ME-ultrasonic yielded highly significantly lower counts (P = .000) at both measurement levels. At 3 mm, ME-ultrasonic yielded significantly lower CFU counts (P = .000) than ME-sonic, NaOCl-sonic, and NaOCl-ultrasonic. Conclusions: Enhanced bubble dynamics and reduced E. faecalis biofilm bacteria beyond the level achieved by sonic or ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl suggested a synergistic effect of ME combined with ultrasonic agitation. 2013-12-04T08:45:35Z 2019-12-06T19:26:09Z 2013-12-04T08:45:35Z 2019-12-06T19:26:09Z 2012 2012 Journal Article Halford, A., Ohl, C.-D., Azarpazhooh, A., Basrani, B., Friedman, S., & Kishen, A. (2012). Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro. Journal of endodontics, 38(11), 1530-1534. 0099-2399 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/96129 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/18034 10.1016/j.joen.2012.07.007 en Journal of endodontics
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
country Singapore
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic DRNTU::Science::Chemistry
spellingShingle DRNTU::Science::Chemistry
Halford, Andrew
Ohl, Claus-Dieter
Azarpazhooh, Amir
Basrani, Bettina
Friedman, Shimon
Kishen, Anil
Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro
description Introduction: Irrigation dynamics and antibacterial activity determine the efficacy of root canal disinfection. Sonic or ultrasonic agitation of irrigants is expected to improve irrigation dynamics. This study examined the effects of microbubble emulsion (ME) combined with sonic or ultrasonic agitation on irrigation dynamics and reduction of biofilm bacteria within root canal models. Methods: Two experiments were conducted. First, high-speed imaging was used to characterize the bubble dynamics generated in ME by sonic or ultrasonic agitation within canals of polymer tooth models. Second, 5.25% NaOCl irrigation or ME was sonically or ultrasonically agitated in canals of extracted teeth with 7-day-grown Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Dentinal shavings from canal walls were sampled at 1 mm and 3 mm from the apical terminus, and colony-forming units (CFUs) were enumerated. Mean log CFU/mL values were analyzed with analysis of variance and post hoc tests. Results: High-speed imaging demonstrated strongly oscillating and vaporizing bubbles generated within ME during ultrasonic but not sonic agitation. Compared with CFU counts in controls, NaOCl-sonic and NaOCl-ultrasonic yielded significantly lower counts (P < .05) at both measurement levels. ME-sonic yielded significantly lower counts (P = .002) at 3 mm, whereas ME-ultrasonic yielded highly significantly lower counts (P = .000) at both measurement levels. At 3 mm, ME-ultrasonic yielded significantly lower CFU counts (P = .000) than ME-sonic, NaOCl-sonic, and NaOCl-ultrasonic. Conclusions: Enhanced bubble dynamics and reduced E. faecalis biofilm bacteria beyond the level achieved by sonic or ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl suggested a synergistic effect of ME combined with ultrasonic agitation.
author2 School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
author_facet School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
Halford, Andrew
Ohl, Claus-Dieter
Azarpazhooh, Amir
Basrani, Bettina
Friedman, Shimon
Kishen, Anil
format Article
author Halford, Andrew
Ohl, Claus-Dieter
Azarpazhooh, Amir
Basrani, Bettina
Friedman, Shimon
Kishen, Anil
author_sort Halford, Andrew
title Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro
title_short Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro
title_full Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro
title_fullStr Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro
title_sort synergistic effect of microbubble emulsion and sonic or ultrasonic agitation on endodontic biofilm in vitro
publishDate 2013
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/96129
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/18034
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