Comparison of hepatitis b virus infection in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected participants enrolled in a multinational clinical trial: HPTN 052

• Main Authors: Amy E. Greer, San San Ou, Ethan Wilson, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Michael S. Forman, Marybeth McCauley, Theresa Gamble, Cholticha Ruangyuttikarn, Mina C. Hosseinipour, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Mulinda Nyirenda, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Jose Henrique Pilotto, Natthapol Kosashunhanan, Marineide Gonçalves De Melo, Joseph Makhema, Victor Akelo, Ravindre Panchia, Sharlaa Badal-Faesen, Ying Q. Chen, Myron S. Cohen, Susan H. Eshleman, Chloe L. Thio, Alexandra Valsamakis
• Format: Journal
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: Medicine
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85026363946&origin=inward; http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/57839
• Institution: Chiang Mai University

© 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Objective: Data comparing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HIV-infected [HIV(+)], and HIV-uninfected [HIV(2)] individuals recruited into the same study are limited. HBV infection status and chronic hepatitis B (cHB) were characterized in a multinational clinical trial: HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN 052). Method: HBV infection status at enrollment was compared between HIV(+) (N = 1241) and HIV(-) (N = 1232) from 7 HBV-endemic countries. Hepatitis B e antigen and plasma HBV DNA were determined in cHB. Median CD4, median plasma HIV RNA, and prevalence of transaminase elevation were compared in HIV(+) with and without cHB. Significance was assessed with x2Fisher exact and median tests. Results: Among all participants, 33.6% had HBV exposure without cHB (8.9% isolated HBV core antibody, "HBcAb"; 24.7% HBcAb and anti-HB surface antibody positive, "recovered"), 4.3% had cHB, 8.9% were vaccinated, and 53.5% were uninfected. Data were similar among HIV(+) and HIV(2) except for isolated HBcAb, which was more prevalent in HIV(+) than HIV(2) [10.1% vs. 7.7%, P = 0.046]. Median HBV DNA trended higher in HIV(+) than in HIV(2). In HIV (+) with cHB versus those without cHB, transaminase elevations were more prevalent (alanine aminotransferase # grade 2, 12% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.037; aspartate aminotransferase # grade 2, 26% vs. 6.0%, P, 0.001), CD4 trended lower, and HIV RNA was similar. Conclusions: HBV infection status did not differ by HIV infection status. HIV co-infection was associated with isolated HBcAb and a trend of increased HBV DNA. In HIV, cHB was associated with mild transaminase elevations and a trend toward lower CD4.