Effect of Alpinia galanga extract on cartilage degradation and on gene expression in human chondrocyte and synovial fibroblast metabolism

• Main Authors: Peraphan Pothacharoen, Kanyamas Choocheep, Tanyaluck Pitak, Wilart Pompimon, Bhusana Premanode, Timothy E. Hardingham, Prachya Kongtawelert
• Format: Journal
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: Agricultural and Biological Sciences; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Immunology and Microbiology; Neuroscience
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=33748299365&origin=inward; http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/61445
• Institution: Chiang Mai University

We investigated the effects of A. galanga extract on metabolism and gene expression involved in the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) response of human chondrocyte and synovial fibroblast. A. galanga extract inhibited IL-1β enhanced matrix breakdown of the cartilage explants in a dose-dependent manner. It suppressed uronic acid loss from the tissue and decreased the release of sulfated GAG and hyaluronan into the medium. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in the culture medium of chondrosarcomas and synovial fibroblasts were significantly reduced in the presence of A. galanga extract, which also suppressed the production of MMP-1,-3 and-13. The A. galanga extract also significantly increased type II collagen, SOX9 and aggrecan gene expression, suggesting an ability to enhance anabolic activity. At a high dose of A. galanga extract there was a down-regulation of aggrecan gene expression. Comparison with Diacerein® showed its general anti-inflammatory potential to be similar. The A. galanga extract was shown to inhibit IL-1β-stimulated cartilage matrix degradation in both systems. Additionally, the extract showed the potential to up-regulate certain chondrocyte anabolic genes. It may, therefore, offer some cartilage protective and anti-inflammatory properties as a therapeutic agent in arthritis. © Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. All rights reserved.