Studies on structural properties and immune-enhancing activities of glycomannans from Schizophyllum commune

• Main Authors: Khamphone Yelithao, Utoomporn Surayot, Changsheng Lee, Subramanian Palanisamy, Narayanasamy Marimuthu Prabhu, Ju Hun Lee, Sang Guan You
• Format: Journal
• Published: 2019
• Subjects: Chemistry; Materials Science
• Online Access: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85064922641&origin=inward; http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/65475
• Institution: Chiang Mai University

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Polysaccharides were extracted from Schizophyllum commune (a common mushroom) and their structural and immune-enhancing properties were investigated. Crude and fractions (F1 and F2) were composed of sugars (50.3–82.8%), proteins (1.46–20.1%), and sulfates (1.33–7.01%). Monosaccharide compositions of Cr and F1 were mainly composed of glucose (75.5% and 88.2%) with small amounts of mannose, galactose and xylose whereas the F2 was mainly composed of manose (55.2%) with minor amounts of galactose, glucose, and xylose. Their immune-enhancing activities were tested using RAW264.7 cells. Proliferation activity of RAW264.7 cells was over 100% after treatment with these polysaccharides. In addition, RAW264.7 cells produced large amounts of nitric oxide and various cytokines by up-regulating mRNA expression levels and the activation of nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) after treatment with these polysaccharides. In addition, RAW264.7 cells were activated mainly through CR-3 and TLR-4 receptors. The backbone of F2 with excellent immune-enhancing activity was mainly linked by (1→3)-linked-mannopyranosyl and (1→2,3)-linked-mannopyranosyl residues.