Association of carbamazepine-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis with the HLA-B75 serotype or HLA-B*15:21 allele in Filipino patients

• Main Authors: Francis Capule, Pramote Tragulpiankit, Surakameth Mahasirimongkol, Jiraphun Jittikoon, Nuanjun Wichukchinda, Lara Theresa Alentajan-Aleta, Jay V. James Barit, Josephine Casanova-Gutierrez, Leonor Cabral-Lim, Jose Paciano Baltazar Reyes, Francisca Roa, Raymark Salonga, Katrina Faith San Gabriel, Catherine Lynn Silao
• Other Authors: University of the Philippines Manila
• Format: Article
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
• Online Access: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/49559
• Institution: Mahidol University

© 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. A case-control study was conducted to investigate the association of HLA-A alleles, HLA-B alleles including HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B75 serotype with carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN in Filipino patients. A retrospective review of medical records was performed. Pertinent clinical data were collected. Eight (8) carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN cases and 32 tolerant controls were recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from the saliva samples and genotyping was performed by employing allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed using the Fisher's exact test, Mann–Whitney U test, univariate logistic regression, and multivariate logistic regression. Single allele association analysis was done. The strength of association was expressed as odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity were computed. Of all the alleles tested, the HLA-B75 serotype (p = 0.007, OR = 23.25, 95% CI = 2.33–232.21) and HLA-B*15:21 (p = 0.026, OR = 7.53, 95% CI = 1.27–44.79) were significantly associated with carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN. The HLA-B75 serotype or HLA-B*15:21 allele may be used as a genetic risk assessment prior to prescription for prevention of carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN in Filipino patients.