PRE-DESIGN OF ORGANIC RICE STORAGE WAREHOUSE WITH NATURAL PESTICIDES MADE FROM BAY LEAF (SYZYGIUM POLYANTHUM); EFFECT OF BAY LEAF (SYZYGIUM POLYANTHUM) AND CITRONELLA OIL (CYMBOPOGON NARDUS) ON CYTOPHILUS ORYZAE MORTALITY AND RICE QUALITY DURING STORAGE PROCESS

• Main Author: Rizqi Ghazali, Amieruddin
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/80915
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Rice or rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food for Indonesian, at least 70 million tons are needed in 2025. Most rice is stored for a long period of time (certain) in storage warehouses which causes vulnerability to warehouse pests (Sitophilus oryzae) causing significant damage. Control of Sitophilus oryzae using synthetic pesticides provides advantages in the form of high effectiveness, it's just that it has a negative impact in the form of pollution and dangers to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the use of natural pesticides as an alternative to control Sitophilus oryzae which is safer and environmentally friendly. Bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) and citronella (Cymbopogon nardus L) contain several active ingredients such as essential oil (0.05%) consisting of citrate, eugenol, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins that are able to dispel and kill some insects. The study aimed to see the effect of also determining the best composition of bay leaves and citronella on the mortality of Sitophilus oryzae and the quality of rice during storage. The study used a simple Complete Randomized Design (RAL), with the variables tested being the concentration of citronella oil and the amount of bay leaf powder with two repetitions tested on 50 grams of head rice in a plastic jar and inoculated with 10 Sitophilus oryzae. Mortality of Sitophilus oryzae was observed every 14, 28, and 42 Days After Inoculation (HSI) and rice quality observations (grain percentage, milling degree, moisture content, etc.) before and after treatment (42 HSI). The results showed that giving citronella oil and bay leaves affected the mortality value of Sitophilus oryzae and rice quality. The treatment of citronella oil 0 ml and bay leaf 5 grams had the highest mortality value on the 42nd day of 96.15% and gave the best results on all variables observed rice quality (moisture content of 11.65%, whole rice 99.37%, lime rice 0.09%, and weight shrinkage of 0.54%.) compared to other treatments except the value of milling degree (77.1%).