功能对等视角下《波西·杰克逊与神火之盗》电影文化负载词翻译 = A study on subtitle translation of culture-loaded terms in "Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief" using functional equivalence theory

• Main Author: 王书涵 Ong, Mandy Shu Harn
• Other Authors: Cui Feng
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2024
• Subjects: Arts and Humanities; 视听翻译 Audiovisual translation; 字幕翻译 Subtitle translation; 翻译策略 Translation strategies
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174179
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

伴随着新媒体的崛起，影视作品排山倒海地产出，影视翻译工作也达到了一个可观的数量，成了翻译界炙手可热的领域之一。进行字幕翻译时，适当处理文化负载词颇具难度，因此它的研究意义值得学者深究与探讨。除了避免译入语观众群对译出语产生误会意外，那也是最基本的要求，译者更需要运用目标观众群熟悉的句式结构，准确传达原文信息与意义。笔者在研究字幕翻译时也意识到达成两者的种种挑战，更何况是存有深厚文化底蕴的文化负载词。 本文将以尤金·奈达的功能对等理论框架为指导，以人尽皆知的美国奇幻小说家雷克·莱尔顿《波西·杰克逊与神火之盗》所改编的电影为例，引导笔者对文化负载词的字幕翻译策略和技巧作出研究和总结。雷克·莱尔顿的文学作品在美国曾屡获奖项，尤其是西方青年文学领域中具有相当代表性。他的青年文学作品大多以古希腊神话人物为原型，套用了诸多古希腊神明及美国文化，电影亦是如此。作为这个系列小说改编而成的第一部电影，《波西·杰克逊与神火之盗》是奇幻电影中的佼佼者，也是现代文化和古代希腊神明传说中的结晶。如同小说一气呵成的剧情，电影也丝毫不逊色，以轻盈但紧凑的节奏引领观众理解电影世界观，提升观影体验。雷克·莱尔顿的这部小说属于青年文学作品，它贯穿了古今中外都适用的知识，帮助青年塑造对世界的认知有着举足轻重的作用。笔者认为奈达的功能对等理论适用性广泛，适用于研究字幕翻译中的文化负载词，本文将强调奈达的五类文化因素中的社会文化和语言文化，并结合形式对等与动态对等来分析电影中文化负载词的翻译策略和技巧。故此，笔者认为分析这部电影的文化负载词字幕翻译策略可以为字幕翻译的研究带来贡献，即能巩固奈达功能对等理论的实用性，亦能对其局限性进行深究与推敲。本文的总结有利于搭建青年文学、文化负载词和字幕翻译三者之间的桥梁，希望借此增进电影译出语在译入语观众群体的传播和文化交流。 The prevalence of the up and rising new media has brought about a massive production of films, where the need for Audiovisual Translation (AVT) has also reached a sizeable quantity, becoming one of the more researched topics in the translation field. Properly handling culture-loaded terms poses considerable difficulty when translating subtitles. Thus, the significance of researching and exploring this area is worth scholars' investigation. Besides avoiding misunderstanding among the target audience, which is the most basic requirement, translators also need to employ sentence structures familiar to the target audience to convey the original text's information and meaning accurately. The author understands various challenges in achieving both goals while studying subtitle translation, especially considering deeply entrenched culture-loaded terms. This thesis employs Eugene Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory as a guiding framework, using the film adaptation of Rick Riordan's well-known American fantasy novel “Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief” as an example to guide the author's research and summarise subtitle translation strategies and techniques used for culture-loaded terms. Rick Riordan's literary works have garnered numerous awards in the United States, particularly in Western young adult literature. Many of his works for young adults are based on ancient Greek mythological characters, incorporating Greek mythology and American culture elements, and the film adaptation is no exception. As the first film adapted from this novel series, “Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief” stands out among fantasy films, representing a fusion of modern culture and ancient Greek mythological legends. Just like the seamless plot in the novel, the film is equally impressive, guiding viewers through the film's worldview with a light yet compact rhythm, enhancing the viewing experience. Rick Riordan's novels belong to young adult literature. They contain knowledge applicable to all ages and cultures and play a significant role in shaping young people's understanding of the world. The author believes that Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory is widely applicable and suitable for studying culture-loaded terms in subtitle translation. This thesis will emphasise Nida's five cultural factors of social culture and language culture and analyse subtitle translation strategies for culture-loaded terms in the film based on formal equivalence and dynamic equivalence. Therefore, analysing subtitle translation strategies for culture-loaded terms in this film can contribute to the research on subtitle translation, consolidating the practicality of Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory while scrutinising and deliberating on its limitations. The conclusions of this thesis are beneficial for building a bridge between young adult literature, culture-loaded terms, and subtitle translation, with the hope of enhancing the dissemination and cultural exchange of the translated language among the target audience.