Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs
Anti-mitotic drugs are the most-commonly utilised class of chemotherapeutic agents that are administered as first-line therapy; however, their clinical success has been impeded by chemoresistance and disease relapse. Better understanding of the cellular pathways underlying this escape from antimitot...
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sg-ntu-dr.10356-829722020-11-01T05:03:17Z Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs Wong, Alex Xing Fah Karen Crasta Interdisciplinary Graduate School (IGS) DRNTU::Science::Biological sciences::Molecular biology Anti-mitotic drugs are the most-commonly utilised class of chemotherapeutic agents that are administered as first-line therapy; however, their clinical success has been impeded by chemoresistance and disease relapse. Better understanding of the cellular pathways underlying this escape from antimitotic drug-induced cell death, known as mitotic slippage, is crucial for development of combinatorial therapies that can enhance existing treatment regimen in patients. Mitotic slippage describes a phenomenon where cells escape mitotic arrest and cell death following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs, and "slip" into interphase without proper chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. One of the cell fates following mitotic slippage is a cell cycle-enforced G1 arrest where cells eventually enter senescence. However, the consequences of mitotic-slippage induced senescence is unclear for anti-mitotic drug therapy. This thesis seeks to address this conundrum. In my study, my observations revealed that multinucleated post-slippage cells undergo senescence and elicit paracrine pro-tumourigenic effects, both in vitro and in vivo. The SASP factors secreted by post-slippage senescence cells promote migration, invasiveness and angiogenesis. My investigation into potential senescence effectors revealed two major metabolic pathways, autophagy and lipid metabolism, that could abrogate the tumour-promoting effects of antimitotic therapies; either by eliminating pro-tumourigenic senescent cells or by suppressing the secretion of the associated pro-tumorigenic factors. Understanding cell fate post-slippage provides opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to circumvent antimitotic drug resistance and enhance the treatment efficacy for cancer patients. Doctor of Philosophy 2019-01-19T13:02:06Z 2019-12-06T15:09:17Z 2019-01-19T13:02:06Z 2019-12-06T15:09:17Z 2018 Thesis Wong, A. X. F. (2018). Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs. Doctoral thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/82972 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/47517 10.32657/10220/47517 en 122 p. application/pdf |
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DRNTU::Science::Biological sciences::Molecular biology Wong, Alex Xing Fah Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs |
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Anti-mitotic drugs are the most-commonly utilised class of chemotherapeutic agents that are administered as first-line therapy; however, their clinical success has been impeded by chemoresistance and disease relapse. Better understanding of the cellular pathways underlying this escape from antimitotic drug-induced cell death, known as mitotic slippage, is crucial for development of combinatorial therapies that can enhance existing treatment regimen in patients. Mitotic slippage describes a phenomenon where cells escape mitotic arrest and cell death following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs, and "slip" into interphase without proper chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. One of the cell fates following mitotic slippage is a cell cycle-enforced G1 arrest where cells eventually enter senescence. However, the consequences of mitotic-slippage induced senescence is unclear for anti-mitotic drug therapy. This thesis seeks to address this conundrum. In my study, my observations revealed that multinucleated post-slippage cells undergo senescence and elicit paracrine pro-tumourigenic effects, both in vitro and in vivo. The SASP factors secreted by post-slippage senescence cells promote migration, invasiveness and angiogenesis. My investigation into potential senescence effectors revealed two major metabolic pathways, autophagy and lipid metabolism, that could abrogate the tumour-promoting effects of antimitotic therapies; either by eliminating pro-tumourigenic senescent cells or by suppressing the secretion of the associated pro-tumorigenic factors. Understanding cell fate post-slippage provides opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to circumvent antimitotic drug resistance and enhance the treatment efficacy for cancer patients. |
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Karen Crasta |
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Karen Crasta Wong, Alex Xing Fah |
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Theses and Dissertations |
author |
Wong, Alex Xing Fah |
author_sort |
Wong, Alex Xing Fah |
title |
Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs |
title_short |
Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs |
title_full |
Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs |
title_fullStr |
Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs |
title_sort |
elucidating the role of metabolic changes in modulating cell fate following treatment with anti-mitotic drugs |
publishDate |
2019 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10356/82972 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/47517 |
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