(Li, Na, K)OH hydration bonding thermodynamics : solution self-heating

• Main Authors: Sun, Chang Qing, Yao, Chuang, Chen, Jiasheng, Liu, Xinjuan, Zhang, Xi, Huang, Yongli
• Other Authors: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2019
• Subjects: DRNTU::Engineering::Electrical and electronic engineering; Hydrogen Bond; Solvation
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/85920; http://hdl.handle.net/10220/48296
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

The resultant energy of solvent H–O bond exothermic elongation by O:⇔:O repulsion, featured at <3100 cm −1 , and the solute H–O bond endothermic contraction by bond-order-deficiency, at 3610 cm −1 , heats up the (Li, Na, K)OH solutions. The solution temperature increases linearly with the number fraction of the ordinary O:H–O bonds transiting into their hydration states. The elongated H–O bond emits >150% the O:H cohesive energy of 0.095 eV that caps the energy dissipating by molecular motion, thermal fluctuation, diffusion, and even evaporation. Therefore, the intramolecular H–O bond relaxation dictates the OH − solvation bonding thermodynamics and the performance of basic solutions.