指示代词的翻译——基于三版《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》汉译本的分析 = Demonstratives in translation – analysis based on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

• Main Author: 许天惠 Xu, Tianhui
• Other Authors: Lin Jingxia
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2024
• Subjects: Arts and Humanities; 这/那; This/that; 英汉指示词; Demonstratives
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/180569
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

英汉指示词的功能和使用在语言学中越来越受到关注，但对其发展历程的研究较少，尤其白话文运动初期。Lewis Carroll于1865年著的Alice's Adventures in Wonderland语言简明、译本繁多，能有效地用于分析日常语用特点。本文旨在结合三个时期的译本，分析这三版译本在英汉指示代词的对应上有哪些特点，以及体现了翻译规范和白话文标准的哪些变迁。 本文选择初次出版于1922年的赵元任译本，1987年的陈复庵译本和2005年的黄健人译本，对其和原著前三章的指示词频率、翻译对应情况进行统计分析。研究发现，译文中“那” 相对于“这”的出现比例大幅降低；近指this和“这”对应性最为明显；不对等翻译的情况，有远近指互译、译入其他、略译三种情况。 通过大量例句分析，本文认为不对等翻译的原因主要有空间、时间、心理、叙事距离；英汉语言特点及固定搭配；不同时期翻译的直译、意译倾向。白话文的发展对译文中指示词的显化习惯也有影响。 The functions and usage of English and Chinese demonstratives have received increasing attention in linguistics, but there is relatively little research on their historical development, especially during the early stages of the Vernacular Movement. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll (1865) is written in plain language and has been translated into many versions, making it a great material for analysing the features of everyday language use. This paper aims to analyse the correspondences between English and Chinese demonstratives, the shifts in translation norms across three different translation periods, and the standards of vernacular Chinese reflected in these translations. This paper selects the original novel and three translated versions: one by Yuen Ren Chao （赵元任） from 1922, one by Chen Fu'an （陈复庵） from 1987, and one by Huang Jian Ren（黄健人） from 2005, to conduct a statistical analysis of the frequency of demonstratives and their corresponding translations in the first three chapters of the original work. The study found that the proportion of distal demonstrative 那na relative to proximal demonstrative 这zhe significantly decreased in the translation; the correspondence between this and 这zhe is the most evident; in cases of non-equivalent translation, there are three situations: distal demonstratives translating into proximal demonstratives or vice versa, the introduction of other terms, and omission. Through a comprehensive analysis of numerous examples, this paper argues that the reasons for non-equivalent translation mainly include spatial, temporal, psychological, and narrative distances; the characteristics and fixed collocations of English and Chinese languages; and the tendencies in balancing between the source language and the target language across different periods. The development of vernacular Chinese has also influenced the use of demonstratives in translations.