结合语言顺应论、目的论与功能对等理论来看文化负载词的字幕翻译策略 ：以《纳尼亚传奇》系列电影为例 = Subtitle translation of cultural-loaded words from the perspectives of linguistic adaptation theory, skopos theory, and functional equivalence theory : a case study of The Chronicles of Narnia

• Main Author: 刘美验 Liu, Meiyan
• Other Authors: Arista Kuo
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2022
• Subjects: Humanities::Language::Chinese
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/155707
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

文化负载词（cultural-loaded words）在字幕翻译中颇具难度，因此是具有探讨意义的一大课题。为了避免译入语观众对源语文化产生误解，译者需在字幕的时空限制下，准确无误地再现源语的文化信息。本研究以《纳尼亚传奇》（The Chronicles of Narnia）系列电影为素材，结合语言顺应论、目的论与功能对等理论，对比分析两种不同版本的字幕（官方和民间字幕组）文化负载词的翻译策略与效果。 三种理论均要求译文符合译制片观众的文化背景和表达习惯，再现原文关键信息，以达到使译制片观众在观看电影时拥有与原片观众基本一致的观赏感受与反应。本研究发现，最能使译文有效达到其目的的文化负载词翻译策略为阐明和改写。官方译者倾向使用阐明、保留、改写和直译的策略，较拘泥于保留原文内容与表达方式。民间译者则倾向使用改写、直译和删除的策略，更灵活及富有创意地处理文化负载词。相较之下，官方译法较为保险，不容易误译，但却不能达到令译制片观众耳目一新的效果。业余译法虽然更能吸引译制片观众，产生使他们眼前一亮的效果，但却有更多误译现象发生。 从三种理论来看，若想要将电影原汁原味地呈现给译制片观众，使之拥有与原片观众大致相等的观赏效果，译者需在处理文化负载词时把握好尺度，尽量做到既能精准再现原文信息，又不乏创意。 关键词：语言顺应论；目的论；功能对等理论；文化负载词；字幕翻译；纳尼亚传奇 This study compares the translation strategies of cultural-loaded words from English to Simplified Chinese, adopted by two different versions of subtitles. Namely, the official version by Disney+ and the amateur version by ren ren zi mu zu (人人字幕组), of the English fantasy movies series, The Chronicles of Narnia. It also discusses the implications of the strategies adopted from the perspectives of Linguistic Adaptation Theory, Skopos Theory, and Functional Equivalence Theory. Based on the three theories, the translated text should conform to cultural background and idiomatic expressions of the target audience, and reproduce key information of the source text, to achieve the goal of the translated text: for the target audience to have a similar viewing experience as the source language audience. This study reveals that explicitation and adaptation to TL-culture are the most effective strategies towards achieving the goal of the translated text. The official version prefers the strategies of explicitation, identity, adaptation to TL-culture and direct translation, it is more rigid in retaining the content and expression of the source text. The amateur version prefers the strategies of adaptation to TL-culture, direct translation and omission, and allows for more flexibility and creativity. In comparison, the official version has fewer mistranslations, however, it barely catches the attention of the target audience. The amateur version leaves a deeper impression on the target audience; however, it has more mistranslations. From the perspective of the three theories, to achieve the goal of the translated text, translators need to grasp the scale when dealing with culture-loaded words and reproduce cultural information in the source text accurately and creatively. Keywords: Linguistic Adaptation Theory, Skopos Theory, Functional Equivalence Theory, Cultural-Loaded Words, Subtitle Translation, The Chronicles of Narnia