翻译、目的与改写 ：以 “竹脚” 的翻译为例 = Translation, purpose and rewriting : using “Tek Kah” as an example

• Main Author: 谢佩君 Chia, Pei Jun
• Other Authors: Cui Feng
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: DRNTU::Humanities::Literature::Chinese
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/62281
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

目的论指出，翻译是有明确目的性的人类交际活动。因此，翻译方法和翻译策略是由译文的预期目的或功能所决定的。换言之，翻译是在目的语情景中为某种目的及目的受众而生产的语篇。新加坡地名“Tek Kah” 是英属殖民时期市镇委员会根据“竹脚”的福建方言读音音译而成的。1980年代初，新加坡政府为了改善我国的语言情境，积极地展开了“讲华语运动”，呼吁新加坡华人“多讲华语，少说方言”，并实施“汉语拼音化”政策。街道、建筑物和产业命名委员会根据这一政策，将大多数以方言音译的街道名称改译为汉语拼音。“Tek Kah” 也不例外，被当局改译为“Zhujiao”。到了1990年代末，政府决定通过保留旧街道地名的历史价值与文化色彩，以建构国人的对国家的认同感，遂将“Zhujiao”复名回“Tekka”。本文将以新加坡地名“竹脚”的两次改译为例，结合翻译目的论及“改写”理论，分析翻译目的对翻译手法的操控，并探讨国家政策对街道地名及其译名的影响。According to Skopos theory, translation is a purposeful transcultural action, where the translation methods and strategies are determined by the intended purposes or functions of the translation. In other words, translation means producing a target text in a target setting for a target purpose, which target addressees in target circumstances. Singapore place name “Tek Kah” was initially transliterated according to its pronunciation in the Hokkien dialect by the Municipal Council during the British Colonial times. During the 1980s, the government launched the “Speak Mandarin” Campaign in an attempt to improve the language situation in Singapore, calling on all Singaporean Chinese to “Speak More Mandarin and Less Dialects”. The government also implemented the “Pinyin” Policy whereby the Street and Building Names Advisory Committee renamed most of the Chinese Dialects street names in Han Yu Pin Yin format. “Tek Kah” was no exception, with its name renamed as “Zhujiao”. By late 1990s, the government decided to construct a sense of national identity among the people through preserving old street names as they contain rich cultural and historical values. As a result, “Zhujiao” was renamed back as “Tekka”. In conjunction with Skopos Theory and Rewriting Theory while using Singapore place name “Tek Kah” as an example; this paper aims to examine how translation strategies are dictated by its intended purposes. Also, this paper explores the impact of national policies on street names and their translation.