Synthesis of (R)-Mellein by a partially reducing iterative polyketide synthase

Mellein and the related 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins are a family of natural products with interesting biological properties. The mechanisms of dihydroisocoumarin biosynthesis remain largely speculative today. Here we report the synthesis of mellein by a partially reducing iterative polyketide synthase (...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sun, Huihua, Ho, Chun Loong, Ding, Feiqing, Soehano, Ishin, Liu, Xue-Wei, Liang, Zhao-Xun
Other Authors: School of Biological Sciences
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2013
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/97615
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/11204
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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Summary:Mellein and the related 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins are a family of natural products with interesting biological properties. The mechanisms of dihydroisocoumarin biosynthesis remain largely speculative today. Here we report the synthesis of mellein by a partially reducing iterative polyketide synthase (PR-PKS) as a pentaketide product. Remarkably, despite the head-to-tail homology shared with several fungal and bacterial PR-PKSs, the mellein synthase exhibits a distinct keto reduction pattern in the synthesis of the pentaketide. We present evidence to show that the ketoreductase (KR) domain alone is able to recognize and differentiate the polyketide intermediates, which provides a mechanistic explanation for the programmed keto reduction in these PR-PKSs.